Regular+Verbs

__ Verbs in Spanish __


 * (video lesson at bottom) **

__ Part I __

All Spanish verbs are either "regular" or "irregular." In this lesson we will look at three completely regular verbs: > **hablar** (to speak) > **comer** (to eat) > **vivir** (to live)

Notice the last two letters of each verb. > habl**ar** (to speak) > com**er** (to eat) > viv**ir** (to live)

There are three categories of verbs: > -ar verbs (like hablar) > -er verbs (like comer) > -ir verbs (like vivir)

All three categories are infinitives. You will recall from a previous lesson that infinitives are the base form of the verb, equivalent in English to: to speak, to eat, to live, etc. In Spanish, all infinitives end in -ar, -er, or -ir. > **-ar verb** > hablar (to speak)**-er verb** > comer (to eat)**-ir verb** > vivir (to live)

Remember what it means to conjugate a verb: > **to speak** > I speak > you speak > he speaks > she speaks > we speak > you-all speak > they speak

In this lesson, you will learn to conjugate our model verbs for I, you (formal), we, and you-all (formal).

**hablar - to speak**
**yo hablo** I speak <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**usted habla** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">you speak <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**nosotros/as hablamos** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">we speak <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**ustedes hablan** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">you-all speak

**comer - to eat**
<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**yo como** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">I eat <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**usted come** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">you eat <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**nosotros/as comemos** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">we eat <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**ustedes comen** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">you-all eat

**vivir - to live**
<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**yo vivo** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">I live <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**usted vive** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">you live <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**nosotros/as vivimos** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">we live <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**ustedes viven** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">you-all live

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Look for a pattern in the yo form. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**yo habl__o__** > **yo com__o__** > **yo viv__o__**

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">If the subject is I (yo), conjugate by dropping the ending and add -o. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">yo hablo **(hablar - ar + o = hablo)** > yo como **(comer - er + o = como)** > yo vivo **(vivir - ir + o = vivo)**

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Look for a pattern in the usted form. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**usted habl__a__** > **usted com__e__** > **usted viv__e__**

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">If the subject is you formal (usted) drop the ending and add either -a or -e. If the verb is an -ar verb, add -a. If it is an -er or -ir verb, add -e. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">usted habla **(hablar - ar + a = habla)** > usted come **(comer - er + e = come)** > usted vive **(vivir - ir + e = vive)**

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Look for a pattern in the nosotros/as form. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**nosotros/as habl__amos__** > **nosotros/as com__emos__** > **nosotros/as viv__imos__**

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">If the subject is we (nosotros/as), conjugate by dropping the ending and add -amos, -emos, or -imos. <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Notice that the ending of the infinitive determines which is used: -ar verbs add -amos, -er verbs add -emos, -ir verbs add -imos. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">nosotros/as hablamos > **(hablar - ar + amos = hablamos)**<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">nosotros/as comemos > **(comer - er + emos = comemos)**<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">nosotros/as vivimos > **(vivir - ir + imos = vivimos)**

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Look for a pattern in the ustedes form. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**ustedes habl__an__** > **ustedes com__en__** > **ustedes viv__en__**

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">If the subject is you-all (ustedes), conjugate by dropping the ending and add -an or -en. If the verb is an -ar verb, add -an. If it is an -er or an -ir verb, add -en. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">ustedes hablan > **(hablar - ar + an = hablan)**<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">ustedes comen > **(comer - er + en = comen)**<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">ustedes viven > **(vivir - ir + en = viven)**

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Present tense (indicative) in Spanish means three things. > > I speak English. > I do speak English. > I am speaking English.
 * 1) <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; list-style-type: decimal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 3em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**Yo hablo inglés:**

> > I eat bread. > I do eat bread. > I am eating bread.
 * 1) <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; list-style-type: decimal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 3em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**Yo como pan:**

> > I live in Buenos Aires. > I do live in Buenos Aires. > I am living in Buenos Aires
 * 1) <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; list-style-type: decimal; margin: 0px 0px 0px 3em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**Yo vivo en Buenos Aires:**

__Part II__

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Remember, all Spanish verbs are either "regular" or "irregular." In this lesson we continue by looking at our three model verbs, which are completely regular: <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**hablar** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">to speak <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**comer** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">to eat <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**vivir** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">to live

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Also remember, there are three categories of verbs: > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**-ar verbs** (like hablar) > **-er verbs** (like comer) > **-ir verbs** (like vivir)

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Remember that when you conjugate a verb, you mold the infinitive to match the subject of the sentence. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">to speak > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">I speak > you speak > he speaks > she speaks > we speak > you-all speak > they speak

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">In this lesson, you will learn to conjugate regular verbs for the following forms: you (familiar), he, she, you-all (familiar) and they. <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**hablar** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**tú hablas** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">you (familiar) speak <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**él habla** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">he speaks <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**ella habla** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">she speaks <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**vosotros/as habláis** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">you-all (familiar) speak <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**ellos/ellas hablan** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">they speak <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**comer** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**tú comes** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">you (familiar) eat <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**él come** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">he eats <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**ella come** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">she eats <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**vosotros/as coméis** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">you-all (familiar) eat <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**ellos/ellas comen** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">they eat <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**vivir** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**tú vives** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">you (familiar) live <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**él vive** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">he lives <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**ella vive** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">she lives <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**vosotros/as vivís** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">you-all (familiar) live <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**ellos/ellas viven** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">they live

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Look for a pattern in the tú form. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**tú habl__as__** > **tú com__es__** > **tú viv__es__**

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">If the subject is you (familiar), conjugate by dropping the ending and add -as or -es. If the verb is an -ar verb, add -as. If it is an -er or -ir verb, add es. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">tú hablas **(hablar - ar + as = hablas)** > tú comes **(comer - er + es = comes)** > tú vives **(vivir - ir + es = vives)**

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Look for a pattern in the él form. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**él habl__a__** > **él com__e__** > **él viv__e__**

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">If the subject is he (él) drop the ending and add either -a or -e. If the verb is an -ar verb, add -a. If it is an -er or -ir verb, add -e. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">él habla **(hablar - ar + a = habla)** > él come **(comer - er + e = come)** > él vive **(vivir - ir + e = vive)**

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Look for a pattern in the ella form. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**ella habl__a__** > **ella com__e__** > **ella viv__e__**

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">If the subject is she (ella), conjugate in exactly the same manner as you did for he (él). That is, by dropping the ending and add -a or -e, depending on whether the verb is an -ar, -er or -ir verb. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">ella habla **(hablar - ar + a = habla)** > ella come **(comer - er + e = come)** > ella vive **(vivir - ir + e = vive)** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**Note:** at this point, you may notice that the conjugations for él/ella are the same as for usted (usted habla, usted come, usted vive).

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Look for a pattern in the vosotros/as form. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**vosotros/as habl__áis__** > **vosotros/as com__éis__** > **vosotros/as viv__ís__**

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">If the subject is you-all familiar (vosotros/as), conjugate by dropping the ending and adding -áis, -éis or -ís. Again, decide which ending to use by the class of infinitive (-ar, -er, -ir). > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">vosotros/as habláis **(hablar - ar + áis = habláis)** > vosotros/as coméis **(comer - er + éis = coméis)** > vosotros/as vivís **(vivir - ir + ís = vivís)** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**Note:** Remember, vosotros and vosotras forms are primarily used in Spain. In Latin America, ustedes is generally used for both formal and informal situations.

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Look for a pattern in the ellos form. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**ellos habl__an__** > **ellos com__en__** > **ellos viv__en__**

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">If the subject is they masculine (ellos) drop the ending and add either -an or -en. If the verb is an -ar verb, add -an. If it is an -er or -ir verb, add -en. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">ellos hablan **(hablar - ar + an = hablan)** > ellos comen **(comer - er + en = comen)** > ellos viven **(vivir - ir + en = viven)**

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Look for a pattern in the ellas form. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**ellas habl__an__** > **ellas com__en__** > **ellas viv__en__**

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">If the subject is they feminine (ellas), conjugate in exactly the same manner as you did for they masculine (ellos). That is, by dropping the ending and add -an or -en, depending on whether the verb is an -ar, -er or -ir verb. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">ellas hablan **(hablar - ar + an = hablan)** > ellas comen **(comer - er + en = comen)** > ellas viven **(vivir - ir + en = viven)** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**Note:** At this point, you may notice that the conjugations for ellos/ellas are the same as for ustedes (ustedes hablan, ustedes comen, ustedes viven).

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Remember that the present tense (indicative) in Spanish means three things. <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**Tú hablas inglés** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">You speak English. <span style="display: block; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;"> You do speak English. <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;"> You are speaking English. <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**Tú comes pan** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">You eat bread. <span style="display: block; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;"> You do eat bread. <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;"> You are eating bread. <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**Tú vives en Buenos Aires** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">You live in Buenos Aires. <span style="display: block; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;"> You do live in Buenos Aires. <span style="display: block; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;"> You are living in Buenos Aires.

__<span style="color: #ff0000; font-size: 160%; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">Part III __

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Here's the complete list of Spanish subject pronouns. <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**Singular** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">yo <span style="display: block; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;"> tú <span style="display: block; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;"> usted <span style="display: block; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;"> él <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;"> ella <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.35em;">**Plural** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;">nosotros/as <span style="display: block; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;"> vosotros/as <span style="display: block; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;"> ustedes <span style="display: block; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;"> ellos <span style="display: block; font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline-style: none; padding: 0px 0px 0.75em 2em;"> ellas

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">To conjugate -ar verbs, drop the ending and add: > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">-o > -as > -a > -amos > -áis > -an

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">To conjugate -er verbs, drop the ending and add: > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">-o > -es > -e > -emos > -éis > -en

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">To conjugate -ir verbs, drop the ending and add: > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">-o > -es > -e > -imos > -ís > -en

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">You will benefit greatly by quickly memorizing the three model verbs. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**hablar** > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">yo **hablo** > tú **hablas** > él, ella, Ud. **habla** > nosotros/as **hablamos** > vosotros/as **habláis** > ellos, ellas, Uds. **hablan** > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**comer** > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">yo **como** > tú **comes** > él, ella, Ud. **come** > nosotros/as **comemos** > vosotros/as **coméis** > ellos, ellas, Uds. **comen** > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**vivir** > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">yo **vivo** > tú **vives** > él, ella, Ud. **vive** > nosotros/as **vivimos** > vosotros/as **vivís** > ellos, ellas, Uds. **viven** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**Note:** The verb forms are the same for él, ella and Ud. as are the verb forms for ellos, ellas and Uds.

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">In Spanish the subject pronouns are not always required. This is because the verb endings can indicate who is performing the action. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**Hablo español.** (Yo is not necessary.) > I speak Spanish.<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**Comemos carne.** (Nosotros is not necessary.) > We eat meat.<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**Vives en México.** (Tú is not necessary.) > You live in Mexico.

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Subject pronouns are often used for clarification. For example, the verb form habla is ambiguous. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Ud. habla > él habla > ella habla <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Therefore, to distinguish between "you speak," "he speaks," and "she speaks," it may be necessary to use the subject pronoun. Often, the conversation implies the subject of the verb. In such cases the subject pronoun may be omitted.

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Subject pronouns are often used for emphasis. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**Ella** habla español y **yo** hablo inglés. <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Here there is no ambiguity with respect to hablo. The subject pronoun is merely adding emphasis: > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**She** speaks Spanish and **I** speak English.

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Another example of using subject pronouns for emphasis. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**Yo** como pan y **tú** comes arroz. <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Once again there is no ambiguity. The pronouns emphasize the contrast. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**I** eat bread and **you** eat rice.

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">It is possible to use two verbs in a row. Just like in English, the first verb is conjugated, while the second verb remains in the infinitive form. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**Necesito hablar con Alfredo.** > I need to speak with Alfredo. > (necesitar, hablar) > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Necesito + hablar + con Alfredo. > I need + to speak + with Alfredo.

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Another example of two verbs used together: > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**Deseas vivir en España.** > You wish to live in Spain. > (desear, vivir) > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Deseas + vivir + en España. > You wish + to live + in Spain.

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