Possessive+Adjectives

Adjective in Spanish! __ Part 1 __
 * (video lesson at bottom) **

Adjectives are frequently descriptive. That is, most often adjectives are used to describe a noun, or distinguish the noun from a group of similar objects. For example, an adjective might describe the color of an object. > the red pen > the blue pen

In Spanish, most adjectives change form, depending upon whether the word they modify is masculine or feminine. Notice the difference between "the tall boy" and "the tall girl." > el chico **alto** > la chica **alta**

Adjectives also change form depending upon whether the word they modify is singular or plural. Notice the difference between "the tall boy" and "the tall boys" ; "the tall girl" and "the tall girls." > el chico **alto** > los chicos **altos**la chica **alta** > las chicas **altas**

Many common adjectives end in -o. These adjectives have four forms. The following words all mean "tall": > **alto** > **alta** > **altos** > **altas**

The correct form of the adjective depends upon the noun it modifies. Is the noun masculine or feminine? Singular or plural? > **libro rojo** > red book**pluma roja** > red pen**libros rojos** > red books**plumas rojas** > red pens

Notice how the endings of the nouns and these adjectives are similar. > libr**o** roj**o** > plum**a** roj**a** > libr**os** roj**os** > plum**as** roj**as**

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Adjectives that end in -e also change form for singular or plural. To form the plural, simply add -s. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">la chica **inteligente** > las chicas **inteligentes**

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Adjectives that end in -e do not, however, change form for masculine or feminine. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**la** chica **inteligente** > **el** chico **inteligente**<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**las** chicas **inteligentes** > **los** chicos **inteligentes**

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Similarly, most adjectives that end in a consonant **do** change form for singular or plural, but **do not** change for masculine or feminine. To form the plural, add -es.

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**la** chica **popular** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;"> **el** chico **popular** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**las** chicas **populares** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;"> **los** chicos **populares**

__Part 2__

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Many adjectives of nationality end in -o. These adjectives follow the same rules as other adjectives ending in -o. That is, they have four forms. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">el muchacho **mexicano** > la muchacha **mexicana**<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">los muchachos **mexicanos** > las muchachas **mexicanas**

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Many other adjectives of nationality end in a consonant. These adjectives **do not** follow the same rules as other adjectives ending in a consonant, rather, they have a distinct feminine form ending in -a. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">el muchacho **español** > la muchacha **española**<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">los muchachos **españoles** > las muchachas **españolas**

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">There is another group of adjectives that does not follow the normal rules. Adjectives ending in -or, -án, -ón, or -ín also have a feminine form. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">el chico **hablador** > la chica **habladora**<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">los chicos **habladores** > las chicas **habladoras**<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">el hombre **trabajador** > la mujer **trabajadora**<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">los hombres **trabajadores** > las mujeres **trabajadoras** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**Note:** Adjectives ending in "-erior" do **not** have a feminine form.

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Adjectives that are descriptive usually follow the noun they describe. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">el chico **alto** > la chica **alta** > los libros **pequeños** > las plumas **rojas**

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Adjectives of quantity almost always come before the noun. Such adjectives tell how much or how many. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**pocos** libros > **mucha** energía > **mucho** trabajo > **pocas** casas

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Sometimes, a descriptive adjective can precede the noun. If the adjective is descriptive, but speaks of a quality that is inherent and usually taken for granted, the adjective comes first. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**la blanca nieve** > the white snow (snow is inherently white)<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**los altos picos** > the tall peaks (peaks are inherently tall)

<span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">**Let's review the last two lessons.** <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Adjectives that end in -o have four forms. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">alto > alta > altos > altas <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Adjectives of nationality ending in -o are no different from other such adjectives. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">guatemalteco > guatemalteca > guatemaltecos > guatemaltecas <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Adjectives that end in -e have two forms. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">inteligente > inteligentes <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Most adjectives ending with a consonant have two forms. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">popular > populares <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Adjectives of nationality ending in a consonant have four forms. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">español > española > españoles > españolas <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Adjectives ending in -or, -án, -ón, or -ín have four forms. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">hablador > habladora > habladores > habladoras <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Adjectives that are descriptive usually follow the noun they describe. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">casa blanca > chica alta <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">When an adjective speaks of a quality that is inherent and usually taken for granted, the adjective precedes the noun. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">la blanca nieve > los altos picos <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">Adjectives of quantity usually come before the noun. > <span style="font-size: 1.2em; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline-style: none; padding: 0px;">pocos libros > muchos libros

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